Diphenyl Oxide (DPO) Market – Outline
Diphenyl Oxide is the organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2O. It is a colorless solid. This, the simplest diaryl ether, has a variety of niche applications.
Diphenyl Oxide and many of its properties were first reported as early as 1901.[6] It is synthesized by a modification of the Williamson ether synthesis, here the reaction of phenol and bromobenzene in the presence of base and a catalytic amount of copper:
Involving similar reactions, Diphenyl Oxide is a significant side product in the high-pressure hydrolysis of chlorobenzene in the production of phenol. Related compounds are prepared by Ullmann reactions. The compound undergoes reactions typical of other phenyl rings, including hydroxylation, nitration, halogenation, sulfonation, and Friedel–Crafts alkylation or acylation.
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The main application of Diphenyl Oxide is as a eutectic mixture with biphenyl, used as a heat transfer medium. Such a mixture is well-suited for heat transfer applications because of the relatively large temperature range of its liquid state. A eutectic mixture [commercially, Dowtherm A] is 73.5% Diphenyl Oxide (diphenyl oxide) and 26.5% biphenyl (diphenyl). Diphenyl Oxide is a starting material in the production of phenoxathiin via the Ferrario reaction. Phenoxathiin is used in polyamide and polyimide production. Because of its odor reminiscent of scented geranium, as well as its stability and low price, Diphenyl Oxide is used widely in soap perfumes. Diphenyl Oxide is also used as a processing aid in the production of polyesters.
Diphenyl oxide (DPO) is a colorless liquid, which emits floral odor at temperatures of 80ºF (27ºC) and above. It is a white, crystalline solid at temperatures below 80ºF (27ºC). DPO has low volatility, low solubility in water, and is stable at high temperatures. It belongs to the family of aromatic homomonocyclic compounds. DPO is also recognized by the names Oxydibenzene,
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Diphenyl ether, Diphenyl oxide, 1,1′-Oxybisbenzene, and Phenoxybenzene. DPO can be used individually or as a mixture with other materials. It can also be used as a raw material or chemical intermediate to produce commercial products because of its reactivity. DPO is used as heat transfer media – used for heating industrial processes, alkylated diphenyl oxides – used to make surfactants, greases and lubricants, halogenated diphenyl oxides – used in insecticides, wood preservatives, and flame retardants for appliance casings in consumer electronic products, high temperature solvents, coatings, textile dye labeling, plastics – like ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber that is used for membrane roofing materials.
Diphenyl ether is used in alcoholic beverages. It is present in Muscat grapes, green tea, vanilla, lemon balm, buckwheat, potato chips, and grilled beef. Decabromodiphenyl oxide is used as a flame retardant in the manufacture of paints and reinforced plastics. Diphenyl ether is used widely in soap perfumes as well as its stability and low price due to its stability and low price. Its odor akin to that of scented geranium.
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Diphenyl ether is also used in the production of polyesters. DPO is easily reactive with oxidizing materials. It can be used as a heat transfer medium when mixed with biphenyl. This mixture is used as heat transfer medium due to its high temperature range. Production of polyamide and polyimide also involves the use of diphenyl oxide when used in the production of phenoxathiin. Several polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are useful flame retardants. Of penta-, octa-, and decaBDE, the three most common PBDEs, only decaBDE is still in widespread use since its ban in the European Union in 2003.
Based on application, the global DPO market can be segmented into heat transfer fluids, fragrance materials, and flame retardants. DPO is primarily employed in perfumes and fragrances. Perfumes and fragrances are used in cosmetics, soaps, detergents, and personal care products. This is driving the market for DPO. Properties of DPO that make it suitable for usage in perfumes and fragrances are low reactivity, low polarity, high solvency, pleasant odor, high thermal stability, high boiling point, and high purity. This is boosting the market for DPO. Low prices of DPO is another factor augmenting the DPO market. Manufacturers of soaps, detergents, and personal care products are using DPO as the primary ingredient of fragrance due to its lower prices.
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